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C++
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C++ Reference

Complete language and library reference. Every concept cross-referenced with books, version-pivoted across standards, with runnable code examples.

C++98
C++11
C++14
C++17
C++20
C++23
C++26
Language

Core language: types, lifetime, value categories, overload resolution, templates, lambda, coroutines, and every feature from C++98 to C++26.

Library — Containers

Sequence, associative, unordered, and flat containers. Adapters. When to use each.

Library — Algorithms

Sorting, searching, transforming, set operations, numeric algorithms, parallel execution policies.

Library — Memory

Smart pointers, allocators, RAII, placement new, memory resources (C++17).

Library — Concurrency

std::thread, std::mutex, atomics, futures, jthread, semaphore, latch, barrier (C++20).

Library — Utilities

std::optional, std::variant, std::expected, std::any, std::function, chrono, filesystem, and more.

Idioms & Patterns

RAII, Rule of Zero/Five, Pimpl, CRTP, type erasure, observer, strategy, visitor, and more.

Undefined Behavior

Catalog of UB, common pitfalls, detection with sanitizers, and mitigation strategies.